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An absence of neutrinos associated with cosmic-ray acceleration in γ-ray bursts

  • R. Abbasi
  • , Y. Abdou
  • , T. Abu-Zayyad
  • , M. Ackermann
  • , J. Adams
  • , J. A. Aguilar
  • , M. Ahlers
  • , D. Altmann
  • , K. Andeen
  • , J. Auffenberg
  • , X. Bai
  • , M. Baker
  • , S. W. Barwick
  • , R. Bay
  • , J. L. Bazo Alba
  • , K. Beattie
  • , J. J. Beatty
  • , S. Bechet
  • , J. K. Becker
  • , K. H. Becker
  • M. Bell, M. L. Benabderrahmane, S. Benzvi, J. Berdermann, P. Berghaus, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D. Bertrand, D. Z. Besson, D. Bindig, M. Bissok, E. Blaufuss, J. Blumenthal, D. J. Boersma, C. Bohm, D. Bose, S. Böser, O. Botner, L. Brayeur, A. M. Brown, S. Buitink, K. S. Caballero-Mora, M. Carson, M. Casier, D. Chirkin, B. Christy, F. Clevermann, S. Cohen, C. Colnard, D. F. Cowen, A. H. Cruz Silva, M. V. D'Agostino, M. Danninger, J. Daughhetee, J. C. Davis, C. De Clercq, T. Degner, F. Descamps, P. Desiati, G. De Vries-Uiterweerd, T. Deyoung, J. C. Dáaz-Vélez, M. Dierckxsens, J. Dreyer, J. P. Dumm, M. Dunkman, J. Eisch, R. W. Ellsworth, O. Engdegård, S. Euler, P. A. Evenson, O. Fadiran, A. R. Fazely, A. Fedynitch, J. Feintzeig, T. Feusels, K. Filimonov, C. Finley, T. Fischer-Wasels, S. Flis, A. Franckowiak, R. Franke, T. K. Gaisser, J. Gallagher, L. Gerhardt, L. Gladstone, T. Glüsenkamp, A. Goldschmidt, J. A. Goodman, D. Góra, D. Grant, T. Griesel, A. Gro, S. Grullon, M. Gurtner, C. Ha, A. Haj Ismail, A. Hallgren, F. Halzen, K. Han, K. Hanson, D. Heereman, D. Heinen, K. Helbing, R. Hellauer, S. Hickford, G. C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, B. Hoffmann, A. Homeier, K. Hoshina, W. Huelsnitz, J. P. Hülß, P. O. Hulth, K. Hultqvist, S. Hussain, A. Ishihara, E. Jacobi, J. Jacobsen, G. S. Japaridze, H. Johansson, A. Kappes, T. Karg, A. Karle, J. Kiryluk, F. Kislat, S. R. Klein, J. H. Köhne, G. Kohnen, H. Kolanoski, L. Köpke, S. Kopper, D. J. Koskinen, M. Kowalski, T. Kowarik, M. Krasberg, G. Kroll, J. Kunnen, N. Kurahashi, T. Kuwabara, M. Labare, K. Laihem, H. Landsman, M. J. Larson, R. Lauer, J. Lünemann, J. Madsen, A. Marotta, R. Maruyama, K. Mase, H. S. Matis, K. Meagher, M. Merck, P. Mészáros, T. Meures, S. Miarecki, E. Middell, N. Milke, J. Miller, T. Montaruli, R. Morse, S. M. Movit, R. Nahnhauer, J. W. Nam, U. Naumann, S. C. Nowicki, D. R. Nygren, S. Odrowski, A. Olivas, M. Olivo, A. O'Murchadha, S. Panknin, L. Paul, C. Pérez De Los Heros, A. Piegsa, D. Pieloth, J. Posselt, P. B. Price, G. T. Przybylski, K. Rawlins, P. Redl, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Ribordy, M. Richman, B. Riedel, A. Rizzo, J. P. Rodrigues, F. Rothmaier, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, D. Rutledge, B. Ruzybayev, D. Ryckbosch, H. G. Sander, M. Santander, S. Sarkar, K. Schatto, T. Schmidt, S. Schöneberg, A. Schönwald, A. Schukraft, L. Schulte, A. Schultes, O. Schulz, M. Schunck, D. Seckel, B. Semburg, S. H. Seo, Y. Sestayo, S. Seunarine, A. Silvestri, M. W.E. Smith, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, T. Stezelberger, R. G. Stokstad, A. Stöl, E. A. Strahler, R. Ström, M. Stüer, G. W. Sullivan, H. Taavola, I. Taboada, A. Tamburro, S. Ter-Antonyan, S. Tilav, P. A. Toale, S. Toscano, D. Tosi, N. Van Eijndhoven, A. Van Overloop, J. Van Santen, M. Vehring, M. Voge, C. Walck, T. Waldenmaier, M. Wallraff, M. Walter, R. Wasserman, Ch Weaver, C. Wendt, S. Westerhoff, N. Whitehorn, K. Wiebe, C. H. Wiebusch, D. R. Williams, R. Wischnewski, H. Wissing, M. Wolf, T. R. Wood, K. Woschnagg, C. Xu, D. L. Xu, X. W. Xu, J. P. Yanez, G. Yodh, S. Yoshida, P. Zarzhitsky, M. Zoll
  • University of Wisconsin-Madison
  • Ghent University
  • University of Wisconsin-River Falls
  • German Electron Synchrotron
  • University of Canterbury
  • University of Geneva
  • RWTH Aachen University
  • University of Delaware
  • South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
  • University of California at Irvine
  • University of California at Berkeley
  • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  • Ohio State University
  • Université libre de Bruxelles
  • Ruhr University Bochum
  • University of Wuppertal
  • Pennsylvania State University
  • University of Maryland, College Park
  • University of Kansas
  • The Oskar Klein Centre
  • Vrije Universiteit Brussel
  • University of Bonn
  • Uppsala University
  • TU Dortmund University
  • Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne
  • Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
  • Georgia Institute of Technology
  • Southern University and A&M College
  • University of Alberta
  • Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
  • University of Adelaide
  • Los Alamos National Laboratory
  • Chiba University
  • Clark Atlanta University
  • Humboldt University of Berlin
  • Universite de Mons
  • National Institute for Nuclear Physics
  • University of Alaska Anchorage
  • Technical University of Munich
  • University of Oxford
  • The University of the West Indies
  • NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
  • University of Alabama

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

314 Scopus citations

Abstract

Very energetic astrophysical events are required to accelerate cosmic rays to above 10 18 electronvolts. GRBs (γ-ray bursts) have been proposed as possible candidate sources. In the GRB ' fireball' model, cosmic-ray acceleration should be accompanied by neutrinos produced in the decay of charged pions created in interactions between the high-energy cosmic-ray protons and γ-rays. Previous searches for such neutrinos found none, but the constraints were weak because the sensitivity was at best approximately equal to the predicted flux. Here we report an upper limit on the flux of energetic neutrinos associated with GRBs that is at least a factor of 3.7 below the predictions. This implies either that GRBs are not the only sources of cosmic rays with energies exceeding 10 18 electronvolts or that the efficiency of neutrino production is much lower than has been predicted.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)351-353
Number of pages3
JournalNature
Volume484
Issue number7394
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 19 2012

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