Emergent autotransplantation of a renal allograft

Renal autotransplantation is an acceptable treatment for a variety of renal pathology. Indications for autotransplantation include renal artery diseases, loin pain hematuria syndrome, repair of ureteral pathology, ex vivo tumor resection, and repair of traumatic injury. Long-term results confirm that autotransplantation is a safe and effective procedure. Renal allograft autotransplantation has also been described for repair of vascular disease, and relocation of an allograft. We describe the first case, to our knowledge of an emergent autotransplant of a renal allograft. The patient had undergone a simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplant 7 yr prior. During attempted stenting of a common iliac artery occlusion, the stent migrated, thus jeopardizing the renal allograft. The patient was taken emergently to the operating room for open repair. This included autotransplantation of the entire kidney. The patient recovered to baseline renal function. This article reviews the indications for renal autotransplantation and autotransplantation of a renal allograft. A case of emergent autotransplant of a renal allograft is described.