Explicating How Skill Determines the Qualities of User-Avatar Bonds

Many frameworks exist that explain how people interact with avatars. Our core argument is that the primary theoretical mechanisms of a user-avatar bond (i.e., UAB) rest with the way people engage avatars and, thereby, the broader digital environment. To understand and predict such engagement, we identify a person’s skill in handling/engaging the avatar in the digital environment as an ordering parameter (i.e., organizing predictor). Accordingly, we define skill as a person’s ability to enact their agency successfully to achieve desired states. To explain how skill orders experience, we ground our theorizing in ecological perception and systems theory. In our explication, we describe how stable action coupling (i.e., the linking of action inputs to perceived outcomes) enables a state of embeddedness (i.e., when the environment facilitates and constrains behaviors) in the digital environment. Then, we explain how embeddedness promotes motivational attunement (i.e., orienting of motivational systems) and what the digital environment affords to users at different levels of skill. Throughout, we consider how our theoretical scaffolding generates tractable contentions regarding how skill influences UABs.