High-Efficiency X-ray Sensing with Recyclable Perovskite-Graphene Heterostructured Transistors

We present a recyclable perovskite-graphene heterostructure that demonstrates ultrahigh X-ray detection sensitivities over 10⁸ μC/Gy_air·cm² for medical imaging applications. The high mobility of the graphene pixel is preserved to over 1200 cm²/V·s after perovskite deposition and enables large conversion efficiency for ultrahigh sensitivity. Increasing the operational bias of the graphene channel increased the X-ray detection signal-to-noise ratio from 30 to over 200. The perovskite can be washed off by an organic solvent at room temperature without damaging the graphene. Redepositing the perovskite layer retains the detectors’ high gain, making our heterostructure X-ray detector a recyclable device. The perovskite-graphene device exhibits robust operation given 10,000 gate sweeps and multicycle X-ray irradiations. Here we have demonstrated a high-performance, low-cost, plug-and-play solution with a recyclable design that could significantly reduce the manufacturing and maintenance costs associated with X-ray cameras in medical imaging.