Investigating hormonal imbalances in aggressive periodontitis: a scoping review

This study aims to consolidate the existing literature on the role of hormones in aggressive periodontitis. A systematic search was carried out in July 2024 in the following databases: National Library of Medicine MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using the related keywords to aggressive periodontitis, hormone, insulin, thyroid hormones, cortisol, calcitonin, growth hormone, osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone, TSH, melatonin, vitamin D, stress hormones, adrenomedullin, glucagon, growth factor, and somatostatin. No filters were applied during the search. Conference abstracts, editorials, case reports, and review articles were not considered. Of 258 records identified in the databases, 27 records were selected for this study. While the current literature supports the imbalances in levels of melatonin, growth factors, adrenomedullin, procalcitonin, leptin, osteocalcin, cortisol, and vitamin D in aggressive periodontitis patients, controversy remains regarding the role of some of these hormones in the pathology of periodontitis. Moreover, there is a need for additional research to explore the interplay between these hormones and aggressive periodontitis. Future studies may also uncover novel therapeutic applications of hormones in managing the condition.