TY - GEN
T1 - MALTA
T2 - 2018 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2018
AU - Berdalovic, Ivan
AU - Argemi, Lluis Simon
AU - Cardella, Roberto
AU - Dachs, Florian
AU - Dao, Valerio
AU - De Acedo, Leyre Flores Sanz
AU - Hemperek, Tomasz
AU - Hiti, Bojan
AU - Kugathasan, Thanushan
AU - Marin Tobon, Cesar Augusto
AU - Moustakas, Konstantinos
AU - Pernegger, Heinz
AU - Piro, Francesco
AU - Riedler, Petra
AU - Schioppa, Enrico Junior
AU - Sharma, Abhishek
AU - Snoeys, Walter
AU - Sanchez, Carlos Solans
AU - Suligoj, Tomislav
AU - Wang, Tianyang
AU - Rymaszewski, Piotr
AU - Tortajada, Ignacio Asensi
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2018 IEEE.
PY - 2018/11
Y1 - 2018/11
N2 - Radiation hard silicon sensors are required for the upgrade of the ATLAS tracking detector for the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) at CERN. A process modification in a standard 0.18 μm CMOS imaging technology combines small, low-capacitance electrodes (∼2 fF for the sensor) with a fully depleted active sensor volume. This results in a radiation hardness promising to meet the requirements of the ATLAS ITk outer pixel layers (1.5×1015 neq/cm2 ), and allows to achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio and fast signal response, as required by the HL-LHC 25 ns bunch crossing structure.The radiation hardness of the charge collection to Non-Ionizing Energy Loss (NIEL) has been previously characterised on prototypes for different pixel sensor cell designs. The encouraging results enabled the design of full-size monolithic CMOS sensors for the ATLAS ITk outermost pixel layer, which comprises ∼1.8 m2 of pixel sensor active area. In the MALTA sensor, we implement a fast, low-power analogue front-end together with a novel high-speed matrix readout architecture capable of meeting the challenging hit-rate requirements of up to 2 MHz/mm2 in the outer layers of the ITk pixel tracker. The front-end was optimized for the low sensor capacitance to achieve low noise (ENC < 20 e-) and low power operation (< 1 μW/pixel), with timing that meets the 25 ns requirement. The small size (∼2 μm) of the collection electrode also allows better shielding to prevent crosstalk from the full swing digital signals in the 36.4×36.4 μm2 pixel. MALTA features a 512 × 512 pixel matrix with a fully asynchronous readout architecture, without clock distribution over the matrix. This approach combines low digital power consumption with fast signal response and high hit-rate capability.This paper describes the implementation of this novel depleted monolithic sensor based on a low-capacitance analogue design with asynchronous readout, together with first test results from lab tests, radioactive source tests and X-ray measurements.
AB - Radiation hard silicon sensors are required for the upgrade of the ATLAS tracking detector for the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) at CERN. A process modification in a standard 0.18 μm CMOS imaging technology combines small, low-capacitance electrodes (∼2 fF for the sensor) with a fully depleted active sensor volume. This results in a radiation hardness promising to meet the requirements of the ATLAS ITk outer pixel layers (1.5×1015 neq/cm2 ), and allows to achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio and fast signal response, as required by the HL-LHC 25 ns bunch crossing structure.The radiation hardness of the charge collection to Non-Ionizing Energy Loss (NIEL) has been previously characterised on prototypes for different pixel sensor cell designs. The encouraging results enabled the design of full-size monolithic CMOS sensors for the ATLAS ITk outermost pixel layer, which comprises ∼1.8 m2 of pixel sensor active area. In the MALTA sensor, we implement a fast, low-power analogue front-end together with a novel high-speed matrix readout architecture capable of meeting the challenging hit-rate requirements of up to 2 MHz/mm2 in the outer layers of the ITk pixel tracker. The front-end was optimized for the low sensor capacitance to achieve low noise (ENC < 20 e-) and low power operation (< 1 μW/pixel), with timing that meets the 25 ns requirement. The small size (∼2 μm) of the collection electrode also allows better shielding to prevent crosstalk from the full swing digital signals in the 36.4×36.4 μm2 pixel. MALTA features a 512 × 512 pixel matrix with a fully asynchronous readout architecture, without clock distribution over the matrix. This approach combines low digital power consumption with fast signal response and high hit-rate capability.This paper describes the implementation of this novel depleted monolithic sensor based on a low-capacitance analogue design with asynchronous readout, together with first test results from lab tests, radioactive source tests and X-ray measurements.
KW - Active pixel sensors
KW - CMOS integrated circuits
KW - position sensitive particle detectors
KW - radiation effects
KW - radiation hardening (electronics)
KW - semiconductor detectors
KW - solid state circuit design
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85073105992
U2 - 10.1109/NSSMIC.2018.8824349
DO - 10.1109/NSSMIC.2018.8824349
M3 - Conference contribution
T3 - 2018 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2018 - Proceedings
BT - 2018 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2018 - Proceedings
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Y2 - 10 November 2018 through 17 November 2018
ER -