Multiple images of a highly magnified supernova formed by an early-type cluster galaxy lens

Patrick L. Kelly; Steven A. Rodney; Tommaso Treu; Ryan J. Foley; Gabriel Brammer; Kasper B. Schmidt; Adi Zitrin; Alessandro Sonnenfeld; Louis Gregory Strolger; Or Graur; Alexei V. Filippenko; Saurabh W. Jha; Adam G. Riess; Marusa Bradac; Benjamin J. Weiner; Daniel Scolnic; Matthew A. Malkan; Anja Von Der Linden; Michele Trenti; Jens Hjorth; Raphael Gavazzi; Adriano Fontana; Julian C. Merten; Curtis McCully; Tucker Jones; Marc Postman; Alan Dressler; Brandon Patel; S. Bradley Cenko; Melissa L. Graham; Bradley E. Tucker

doi:10.1126/science.aaa3350

Multiple images of a highly magnified supernova formed by an early-type cluster galaxy lens

Patrick L. Kelly
, Steven A. Rodney
, Tommaso Treu
, Ryan J. Foley
, Gabriel Brammer
, Kasper B. Schmidt
, Adi Zitrin
, Alessandro Sonnenfeld
, Louis Gregory Strolger
, Or Graur
, Alexei V. Filippenko
, Saurabh W. Jha
, Adam G. Riess
, Marusa Bradac
, Benjamin J. Weiner
, Daniel Scolnic
, Matthew A. Malkan
, Anja Von Der Linden
, Michele Trenti
, Jens Hjorth

Raphael Gavazzi, Adriano Fontana, Julian C. Merten, Curtis McCully, Tucker Jones, Marc Postman, Alan Dressler, Brandon Patel, S. Bradley Cenko, Melissa L. Graham, Bradley E. Tucker

Physics and Astronomy

Stony Brook University

University of California at Berkeley
Johns Hopkins University
University of California at Los Angeles
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Space Telescope Science Institute
University of California at Santa Barbara
California Institute of Technology
Western Kentucky University
New York University
American Museum of Natural History
Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick
University of California at Davis
University of Arizona
The University of Chicago
University of Melbourne
University of Copenhagen
Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris
National Institute for Astrophysics
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Inc.
Carnegie Institution of Washington
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
University of Maryland, College Park
Australian National University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

272 Scopus citations

Abstract

In 1964, Refsdal hypothesized that a supernova whose light traversed multiple paths around a strong gravitational lens could be used to measure the rate of cosmic expansion. We report the discovery of such a system. In Hubble Space Telescope imaging, we have found four images of a single supernova forming an Einstein cross configuration around a redshift z = 0.54 elliptical galaxy in the MACS J1149.6+2223 cluster. The cluster's gravitational potential also creates multiple images of the z = 1.49 spiral supernova host galaxy, and a future appearance of the supernova elsewhere in the cluster field is expected. The magnifications and staggered arrivals of the supernova images probe the cosmic expansion rate, as well as the distribution of matter in the galaxy and cluster lenses.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1123-1126
Number of pages	4
Journal	Science
Volume	347
Issue number	6226
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa3350
State	Published - Mar 6 2015

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Kelly, P. L., Rodney, S. A., Treu, T., Foley, R. J., Brammer, G., Schmidt, K. B., Zitrin, A., Sonnenfeld, A., Strolger, L. G., Graur, O., Filippenko, A. V., Jha, S. W., Riess, A. G., Bradac, M., Weiner, B. J., Scolnic, D., Malkan, M. A., Von Der Linden, A., Trenti, M., ... Tucker, B. E. (2015). Multiple images of a highly magnified supernova formed by an early-type cluster galaxy lens. Science, 347(6226), 1123-1126. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa3350

@article{8104ac71227e46458cbbc9700c06a9df,

title = "Multiple images of a highly magnified supernova formed by an early-type cluster galaxy lens",

abstract = "In 1964, Refsdal hypothesized that a supernova whose light traversed multiple paths around a strong gravitational lens could be used to measure the rate of cosmic expansion. We report the discovery of such a system. In Hubble Space Telescope imaging, we have found four images of a single supernova forming an Einstein cross configuration around a redshift z = 0.54 elliptical galaxy in the MACS J1149.6+2223 cluster. The cluster's gravitational potential also creates multiple images of the z = 1.49 spiral supernova host galaxy, and a future appearance of the supernova elsewhere in the cluster field is expected. The magnifications and staggered arrivals of the supernova images probe the cosmic expansion rate, as well as the distribution of matter in the galaxy and cluster lenses.",

author = "Kelly, \{Patrick L.\} and Rodney, \{Steven A.\} and Tommaso Treu and Foley, \{Ryan J.\} and Gabriel Brammer and Schmidt, \{Kasper B.\} and Adi Zitrin and Alessandro Sonnenfeld and Strolger, \{Louis Gregory\} and Or Graur and Filippenko, \{Alexei V.\} and Jha, \{Saurabh W.\} and Riess, \{Adam G.\} and Marusa Bradac and Weiner, \{Benjamin J.\} and Daniel Scolnic and Malkan, \{Matthew A.\} and \{Von Der Linden\}, Anja and Michele Trenti and Jens Hjorth and Raphael Gavazzi and Adriano Fontana and Merten, \{Julian C.\} and Curtis McCully and Tucker Jones and Marc Postman and Alan Dressler and Brandon Patel and Cenko, \{S. Bradley\} and Graham, \{Melissa L.\} and Tucker, \{Bradley E.\}",

year = "2015",

month = mar,

day = "6",

doi = "10.1126/science.aaa3350",

language = "English",

volume = "347",

pages = "1123--1126",

journal = "Science",

issn = "0036-8075",

number = "6226",

}

Kelly, PL, Rodney, SA, Treu, T, Foley, RJ, Brammer, G, Schmidt, KB, Zitrin, A, Sonnenfeld, A, Strolger, LG, Graur, O, Filippenko, AV, Jha, SW, Riess, AG, Bradac, M, Weiner, BJ, Scolnic, D, Malkan, MA, Von Der Linden, A, Trenti, M, Hjorth, J, Gavazzi, R, Fontana, A, Merten, JC, McCully, C, Jones, T, Postman, M, Dressler, A, Patel, B, Cenko, SB, Graham, ML & Tucker, BE 2015, 'Multiple images of a highly magnified supernova formed by an early-type cluster galaxy lens', Science, vol. 347, no. 6226, pp. 1123-1126. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa3350

TY - JOUR

T1 - Multiple images of a highly magnified supernova formed by an early-type cluster galaxy lens

AU - Kelly, Patrick L.

AU - Rodney, Steven A.

AU - Treu, Tommaso

AU - Foley, Ryan J.

AU - Brammer, Gabriel

AU - Schmidt, Kasper B.

AU - Zitrin, Adi

AU - Sonnenfeld, Alessandro

AU - Strolger, Louis Gregory

AU - Graur, Or

AU - Filippenko, Alexei V.

AU - Jha, Saurabh W.

AU - Riess, Adam G.

AU - Bradac, Marusa

AU - Weiner, Benjamin J.

AU - Scolnic, Daniel

AU - Malkan, Matthew A.

AU - Von Der Linden, Anja

AU - Trenti, Michele

AU - Hjorth, Jens

AU - Gavazzi, Raphael

AU - Fontana, Adriano

AU - Merten, Julian C.

AU - McCully, Curtis

AU - Jones, Tucker

AU - Postman, Marc

AU - Dressler, Alan

AU - Patel, Brandon

AU - Cenko, S. Bradley

AU - Graham, Melissa L.

AU - Tucker, Bradley E.

PY - 2015/3/6

Y1 - 2015/3/6

N2 - In 1964, Refsdal hypothesized that a supernova whose light traversed multiple paths around a strong gravitational lens could be used to measure the rate of cosmic expansion. We report the discovery of such a system. In Hubble Space Telescope imaging, we have found four images of a single supernova forming an Einstein cross configuration around a redshift z = 0.54 elliptical galaxy in the MACS J1149.6+2223 cluster. The cluster's gravitational potential also creates multiple images of the z = 1.49 spiral supernova host galaxy, and a future appearance of the supernova elsewhere in the cluster field is expected. The magnifications and staggered arrivals of the supernova images probe the cosmic expansion rate, as well as the distribution of matter in the galaxy and cluster lenses.

AB - In 1964, Refsdal hypothesized that a supernova whose light traversed multiple paths around a strong gravitational lens could be used to measure the rate of cosmic expansion. We report the discovery of such a system. In Hubble Space Telescope imaging, we have found four images of a single supernova forming an Einstein cross configuration around a redshift z = 0.54 elliptical galaxy in the MACS J1149.6+2223 cluster. The cluster's gravitational potential also creates multiple images of the z = 1.49 spiral supernova host galaxy, and a future appearance of the supernova elsewhere in the cluster field is expected. The magnifications and staggered arrivals of the supernova images probe the cosmic expansion rate, as well as the distribution of matter in the galaxy and cluster lenses.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84924530032

U2 - 10.1126/science.aaa3350

DO - 10.1126/science.aaa3350

M3 - Article

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 347

SP - 1123

EP - 1126

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6226

ER -

Multiple images of a highly magnified supernova formed by an early-type cluster galaxy lens

Abstract

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