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Observation of time-reversal violation in the B0 meson system

  • J. P. Lees
  • , V. Poireau
  • , V. Tisserand
  • , J. Garra Tico
  • , E. Grauges
  • , A. Palano
  • , G. Eigen
  • , B. Stugu
  • , D. N. Brown
  • , L. T. Kerth
  • , Yu G. Kolomensky
  • , G. Lynch
  • , H. Koch
  • , T. Schroeder
  • , D. J. Asgeirsson
  • , C. Hearty
  • , T. S. Mattison
  • , J. A. McKenna
  • , R. Y. So
  • , A. Khan
  • V. E. Blinov, A. R. Buzykaev, V. P. Druzhinin, V. B. Golubev, E. A. Kravchenko, A. P. Onuchin, S. I. Serednyakov, Yu I. Skovpen, E. P. Solodov, K. Yu Todyshev, A. N. Yushkov, M. Bondioli, D. Kirkby, A. J. Lankford, M. Mandelkern, H. Atmacan, J. W. Gary, F. Liu, O. Long, G. M. Vitug, C. Campagnari, T. M. Hong, D. Kovalskyi, J. D. Richman, C. A. West, A. M. Eisner, J. Kroseberg, W. S. Lockman, A. J. Martinez, B. A. Schumm, A. Seiden, D. S. Chao, C. H. Cheng, B. Echenard, K. T. Flood, D. G. Hitlin, P. Ongmongkolkul, F. C. Porter, A. Y. Rakitin, R. Andreassen, Z. Huard, B. T. Meadows, M. D. Sokoloff, L. Sun, P. C. Bloom, W. T. Ford, A. Gaz, U. Nauenberg, J. G. Smith, S. R. Wagner, R. Ayad, W. H. Toki, B. Spaan, K. R. Schubert, R. Schwierz, D. Bernard, M. Verderi, P. J. Clark, S. Playfer, D. Bettoni, C. Bozzi, R. Calabrese, G. Cibinetto, E. Fioravanti, I. Garzia, E. Luppi, M. Munerato, L. Piemontese, V. Santoro, R. Baldini-Ferroli, A. Calcaterra, R. De Sangro, G. Finocchiaro, P. Patteri, I. M. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, M. Rama, A. Zallo, R. Contri, E. Guido, M. Lo Vetere, M. R. Monge, S. Passaggio, C. Patrignani, E. Robutti, B. Bhuyan, V. Prasad, C. L. Lee, M. Morii, A. J. Edwards, A. Adametz, U. Uwer, H. M. Lacker, T. Lueck, P. D. Dauncey, U. Mallik, C. Chen, J. Cochran, W. T. Meyer, S. Prell, A. E. Rubin, A. V. Gritsan, Z. J. Guo, N. Arnaud, M. Davier, D. Derkach, G. Grosdidier, F. Le Diberder, A. M. Lutz, B. Malaescu, P. Roudeau, M. H. Schune, A. Stocchi, G. Wormser, D. J. Lange, D. M. Wright, C. A. Chavez, J. P. Coleman, J. R. Fry, E. Gabathuler, D. E. Hutchcroft, D. J. Payne, C. Touramanis, A. J. Bevan, F. Di Lodovico, R. Sacco, M. Sigamani, G. Cowan, D. N. Brown, C. L. Davis, A. G. Denig, M. Fritsch, W. Gradl, K. Griessinger, A. Hafner, E. Prencipe, R. J. Barlow, G. Jackson, G. D. Lafferty, E. Behn, R. Cenci, B. Hamilton, A. Jawahery, D. A. Roberts, C. Dallapiccola, R. Cowan, D. Dujmic, G. Sciolla, R. Cheaib, D. Lindemann, P. M. Patel, S. H. Robertson, P. Biassoni, N. Neri, F. Palombo, S. Stracka, L. Cremaldi, R. Godang, R. Kroeger, P. Sonnek, D. J. Summers, X. Nguyen, M. Simard, P. Taras, G. De Nardo, D. Monorchio, G. Onorato, C. Sciacca, M. Martinelli, G. Raven, C. P. Jessop, J. M. Losecco, W. F. Wang, K. Honscheid, R. Kass, J. Brau, R. Frey, N. B. Sinev, D. Strom, E. Torrence, E. Feltresi, N. Gagliardi, M. Margoni, M. Morandin, A. Pompili, M. Posocco, M. Rotondo, G. Simi, F. Simonetto, R. Stroili, S. Akar, E. Ben-Haim, M. Bomben, G. R. Bonneaud, H. Briand, G. Calderini, J. Chauveau, O. Hamon, Ph Leruste, G. Marchiori, J. Ocariz, S. Sitt, M. Biasini, E. Manoni, S. Pacetti, A. Rossi, C. Angelini, G. Batignani, S. Bettarini, M. Carpinelli, G. Casarosa, A. Cervelli, F. Forti, M. A. Giorgi, A. Lusiani, B. Oberhof, E. Paoloni, A. Perez, G. Rizzo, J. J. Walsh, D. Lopes Pegna, J. Olsen, A. J.S. Smith, A. V. Telnov, F. Anulli, R. Faccini, F. Ferrarotto, F. Ferroni, M. Gaspero, L. Li Gioi, M. A. Mazzoni, G. Piredda, C. Bünger, O. Grünberg, T. Hartmann, T. Leddig, H. Schröder, C. Voss, R. Waldi, T. Adye, E. O. Olaiya, F. F. Wilson, S. Emery, G. Hamel De Monchenault, G. Vasseur, Ch Yèche, D. Aston, D. J. Bard, R. Bartoldus, J. F. Benitez, C. Cartaro, M. R. Convery, J. Dorfan, G. P. Dubois-Felsmann, W. Dunwoodie, M. Ebert, R. C. Field, M. Franco Sevilla, B. G. Fulsom, A. M. Gabareen, M. T. Graham, P. Grenier, C. Hast, W. R. Innes, M. H. Kelsey, P. Kim, M. L. Kocian, D. W.G.S. Leith, P. Lewis, B. Lindquist, S. Luitz, V. Luth, H. L. Lynch, D. B. MacFarlane, D. R. Muller, H. Neal, S. Nelson, M. Perl, T. Pulliam, B. N. Ratcliff, A. Roodman, A. A. Salnikov, R. H. Schindler, A. Snyder, D. Su, M. K. Sullivan, J. Va'Vra, A. P. Wagner, W. J. Wisniewski, M. Wittgen, D. H. Wright, H. W. Wulsin, C. C. Young, V. Ziegler, W. Park, M. V. Purohit, R. M. White, J. R. Wilson, A. Randle-Conde, S. J. Sekula, M. Bellis, P. R. Burchat, T. S. Miyashita, E. M.T. Puccio, M. S. Alam, J. A. Ernst, R. Gorodeisky, N. Guttman, D. R. Peimer, A. Soffer, P. Lund, S. M. Spanier, J. L. Ritchie, A. M. Ruland, R. F. Schwitters, B. C. Wray, J. M. Izen, X. C. Lou, F. Bianchi, D. Gamba, S. Zambito, L. Lanceri, L. Vitale, J. Bernabeu, F. Martinez-Vidal, A. Oyanguren, P. Villanueva-Perez, H. Ahmed, J. Albert, Sw Banerjee, F. U. Bernlochner, H. H.F. Choi, G. J. King, R. Kowalewski, M. J. Lewczuk, I. M. Nugent, J. M. Roney, R. J. Sobie, N. Tasneem, T. J. Gershon, P. F. Harrison, T. E. Latham, H. R. Band, S. Dasu, Y. Pan, R. Prepost, S. L. Wu
  • Université Savoie Mont Blanc
  • University of Barcelona
  • National Institute for Nuclear Physics
  • University of Bari
  • University of Bergen
  • University of California at Berkeley
  • Ruhr University Bochum
  • University of British Columbia
  • Brunel University London
  • Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS
  • University of California at Irvine
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  • California Institute of Technology
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  • IN2P3 - Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique Des Particules
  • Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
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Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

181 Scopus citations

Abstract

Although CP violation in the B meson system has been well established by the B factories, there has been no direct observation of time-reversal violation. The decays of entangled neutral B mesons into definite flavor states (B0 or B̄0), and J/ψKL0 or cc̄KS0 final states (referred to as B+ or B-), allow comparisons between the probabilities of four pairs of T-conjugated transitions, for example, B ̄0→B- and B-→B ̄0, as a function of the time difference between the two B decays. Using 468×106 BB̄ pairs produced in Υ(4S) decays collected by the BABAR detector at SLAC, we measure T-violating parameters in the time evolution of neutral B mesons, yielding ΔST+=-1.37±0. 14(stat)±0.06(syst) and ΔST-=1.17±0.18(stat)±0. 11(syst). These nonzero results represent the first direct observation of T violation through the exchange of initial and final states in transitions that can only be connected by a T-symmetry transformation.

Original languageEnglish
Article number211801
JournalPhysical Review Letters
Volume109
Issue number21
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 19 2012

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