Papilledema in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP): A Pediatric Case and Review of the Literature

Objective: To analyze the available literature on papilledema in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), report the first detailed pediatric case, and explore the underlying pathophysiology. Methods: First, we conducted a comprehensive literature review of all cases of papilledema in CIDP. Next, we reviewed each case, incorporating only those including cerebrospinal fluid analysis into the results. Finally, we present our pediatric patient. Results: Our literature review yielded a total of 9 adult and no pediatric cases. Cerebrospinal fluid protein and opening pressures were elevated in all cases. They were also elevated in our pediatric case. Conclusion: Prolonged periods of active immune-mediated inflammation is likely a cause of papilledema in adult CIDP, and possibly also in our pediatric case.