TY - JOUR
T1 - Preclinical perspectives on disorders of the temporomandibular joint
T2 - Tracing the past, navigating the present, and shaping the future
AU - Neubert, John K.
AU - Allen, Kyle
AU - Alliston, Tamara
AU - Almarza, Alejandro J.
AU - Athanasiou, Kyriacos A.
AU - Donertas-Ayaz, Basak
AU - de Paula, Bruna Balbino
AU - Bavarian, Roxanne
AU - Bhutani, Nidhi
AU - Cairns, Brian E.
AU - Caudle, Robert M.
AU - Chai, Yang
AU - Chen, Jian Fu
AU - Chen, Yong
AU - Clark, Glenn T.
AU - Cruz-Almeida, Yenisel
AU - DaSilva, Alexandre F.
AU - Durham, Paul L.
AU - Estela, Airam Vivanco
AU - Embree, Millie
AU - Fillingim, Roger
AU - Guastaldi, Fernando
AU - Handa, Shruti
AU - Kapila, Sunil D.
AU - Keith, David
AU - Kirkwood, Keith L.
AU - Kramer, Phillip
AU - Martucci, Katherine T.
AU - Murphy, Niall P.
AU - Nackley, Andrea G.
AU - Ohrbach, Richard
AU - Sagl, Benedikt
AU - Smith, Shad B.
AU - Tao, Feng
AU - Winkelstein, Beth
AU - Yao, Hai
AU - Young, Simon
AU - Gold, Michael S.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of United States Association for the Study of Pain, Inc This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
PY - 2025/11
Y1 - 2025/11
N2 - Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are complex conditions characterized by orofacial pain and dysfunction, affecting a significant portion of the population. TMDs may involve joint and/or muscle pain, dysfunction (e.g., noise, limited or altered jaw movements), or both, leading to a marked decrease in quality of life. Patients often experience functional limitations that hinder eating, speaking, and daily activities. Additionally, TMDs are frequently associated with psychological distress, including anxiety and depression, which further impacts overall well-being. Despite the profound individual and societal impact of TMDs, effective therapies remain elusive, partly due to deficiencies in translational research. A primary limitation in the TMD field is the scarcity of animal models that accurately replicate disease features in humans. This may ultimately be due to species differences, but likely also reflects the etiological and symptomatic heterogeneities of TMDs, as there are over 30 different conditions in this umbrella term. Both factors pose a significant challenge in developing and using animal models for TMD research. This review highlights preclinical TMD research to enhance clinical care, focusing on anatomy/physiology, pain and behavior models, functional and tissue modeling, biopsychosocial factors, and technological considerations. The "TMD Research Community" collaborated to produce this review, with the Discussion offering a proposal for a path forward.
AB - Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are complex conditions characterized by orofacial pain and dysfunction, affecting a significant portion of the population. TMDs may involve joint and/or muscle pain, dysfunction (e.g., noise, limited or altered jaw movements), or both, leading to a marked decrease in quality of life. Patients often experience functional limitations that hinder eating, speaking, and daily activities. Additionally, TMDs are frequently associated with psychological distress, including anxiety and depression, which further impacts overall well-being. Despite the profound individual and societal impact of TMDs, effective therapies remain elusive, partly due to deficiencies in translational research. A primary limitation in the TMD field is the scarcity of animal models that accurately replicate disease features in humans. This may ultimately be due to species differences, but likely also reflects the etiological and symptomatic heterogeneities of TMDs, as there are over 30 different conditions in this umbrella term. Both factors pose a significant challenge in developing and using animal models for TMD research. This review highlights preclinical TMD research to enhance clinical care, focusing on anatomy/physiology, pain and behavior models, functional and tissue modeling, biopsychosocial factors, and technological considerations. The "TMD Research Community" collaborated to produce this review, with the Discussion offering a proposal for a path forward.
KW - Biomechanics
KW - Biopsychosocial model
KW - Orofacial pain
KW - Preclinical models
KW - Temporomandibular disorder (TMD)
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105017611894
U2 - 10.1016/j.jpain.2025.105560
DO - 10.1016/j.jpain.2025.105560
M3 - Review article
C2 - 40953762
SN - 1526-5900
VL - 36
JO - Journal of Pain
JF - Journal of Pain
M1 - 105560
ER -