Quasi-2D Perovskite Crystalline Layers for Printable Direct Conversion X-Ray Imaging

Polycrystalline perovskite film-based X-ray detector is an appealing technology for assembling large scale imager by printing methods. However, thick crystalline layer without trap and solvent residual is challenging to fabricate. Here, the authors report a solution method to produce high quality quasi-2D perovskite crystalline layers and detectors that are suitable for X-ray imaging. By introducing n-butylamine iodide into methylammonium lead iodide precursor and coating at elevated temperatures, compact and crystalline layers with exceptional uniformity are obtained on both rigid and flexible substrates. Photodiodes built with the quasi-2D layers exhibit a low dark current and stable operation under constant electrical field over 96 h in dark, and over 15 h under X-ray irradiation. The detector responds sensitively under X-ray, delivering a high sensitivity of 1214 µC Gy_air⁻¹ cm⁻² and a sensitivity gain is observed when operated under higher fields. Finally, high resolution images are demonstrated using a single pixel device that can resolve 80–200 µm features. This work paves the path for printable direct conversion X-ray imager development.