Structural fuse concept for bridges

The concept of designing sacrificial elements to dissipate seismic energy while preserving the integrity of the structure's other main components is known as the structural fuse concept. Few implementations of the structural fuse concept have been rigorous in emphasizing easy and complete replaceability of the sacrificial elements and absence of damage to the primary load-resisting structural system. Here, the concept is applied to an innovative multi-column accelerated bridge construction (ABC) pier concept. Different types of structural fuses are investigated to compare the effect of each on ABC bridge bents. A three span continuous bridge Prototype having two twin-column pier bents with fixed base spaced at 36m (120 ft) and 9m (30 ft ) tall, was designed according to the AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications (AASHTO 2008). Its piers were designed using double composite rectangular columns using Bi-Steel panels and structural fuses. Two corresponding 2/3 scale models were developed and were tested at the Structural Engineering and Earthquake Simulation Laboratory (SEESL) at the University at Buffalo. The two specimens were designed for a maximum horizontal force of 1777 kN (400kips). Three quasi-static tests were performed. For the 1st specimen Steel Plate Shear Links (SPSLs) were installed between the columns as a series of structural fuses. Testing was performed up to a drift corresponding to the onset of column yielding to investigate the effectiveness of adding the fuses in dissipating the seismic energy, then testing continued till column failure. Then, the other specimen was installed and tested utilizing Buckling Restrained Braces (BRBs) as a series of structural fuses. The BRBs were then removed and bare frame cyclic test was performed until reaching failure of the columns.